\n| <\/td>\n | <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/span>Cultura Gumelni\u021ba este \u00eentr-un con de
\numbr<\/span>\u0103<\/span> nemeritat.
\nEa este (al\u0103turi de culturile Ariu\u0219d-Cucuteni-Tripolie) una dintre cele mai
\nremarcabile civiliza\u021bii din a doua jum\u0103tate a mileniului V \u00eeChr. Denumirea
\nculturii apare prima dat<\/span>\u0103<\/span> \u00een anul 1922 \u00een cadrul scrierilor creatorului
\n\u0219<\/span>colii arheologice rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti,
\nprof. Vasile P\u00e2rvan dar numele care va consacra aceast<\/span>\u0103<\/span> cultur<\/span>\u0103<\/span> \u0219<\/span>i care \u00ee\u0219i va pune toata energia \u00een slujba ei este profesorul
\nVladimir Dumitrescu ale c\u0103rui lucr\u0103ri sunt \u00eenc\u0103 de actualitate pentru
\ncercetarea istoric<\/span>\u0103<\/span>.
\n <\/span> <\/span>Cultura
\nGumelni\u021ba \u00een Rom\u00e2nia se suprapune cu aceea a culturii Boian in Muntenia iar cercet\u0103ri
\nsi dovezi moderne ne arat<\/span>\u0103<\/span> extinderea acesteia in spa\u021biul dobrogean
\n(vezi \u0219<\/span>i \u201eCultura Gumelni\u021ba
\nin Nordul Dobrogei\u201d- Cristian Micu), sudul Basarabiei, partea oriental<\/span>\u0103<\/span> a Bulgariei, ajung\u00e2nd pan<\/span>\u0103<\/span> la Marea Egee. Dar <\/span>\u201econstat\u0103m c\u0103 centrul regiunii pe
\ncare se dovede\u0219te a fi existat civiliza\u021bia Gumelni\u021ba – dar desigur nu centrul
\ngeometric, ci centrul spiritual, dac\u0103 putem spune, a fost f\u0103r\u0103 \u00eendoial\u0103 Dun\u0103rea
\ninferioar\u0103, dela r\u0103s\u0103rit de Olt \u0219i p\u00e2n\u0103 aproape de v\u0103rsare<\/i>.\u201d( curs din anul
\n1930- profesor Vladimir Dumitrescu- Universitatea Bucure\u0219ti). <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n Cultura
\ngumelni\u021bean\u0103 are specificit\u0103\u021biile ei intrinseci. Unele u\u0219or de identificat si
\ndocumentate (ne ferim a spune \u201ebine documentate\u201d c\u0103ci \u00eentreaga cultura gumelni\u021bean\u0103
\neste incredibil de slab cercetat\u0103 <\/span>\u00ee<\/span>n ciuda materialelor arheologice suficiente) cum ar fi a\u0219ez\u0103rile de tip tell<\/i> situate <\/span>\u00ee<\/span>n jurul unor
\nresurse naturale necesare prosperit\u0103\u021bii a\u0219ez\u0103rii, <\/span>\u00ee<\/span>n vecin\u0103tatea
\nunor cursuri de ap\u0103 potrivite activit\u0103\u021bilor agricole, cre\u0219terii animalelor, v\u00e2n\u0103torii
\nsi pescuitului. A\u0219ez\u0103rile sunt totodat\u0103 localizate <\/span>\u00ee<\/span>n zone u\u0219or de
\nap\u0103rat ( terase, ostroave, istmuri) ulterior \u00eent\u0103rite (sau nu) cu sisteme
\ncreate de ap\u0103rare. <\/span><\/p>\n
\nPiesa <\/span>\u00ee<\/span>n discu\u021bie
\napare bine documentat\u0103 <\/span>\u00ee<\/span>n primul (si singurul) catalog al sculpturii eneolitice ( in aceea perioada
\ndin \u201eMuzeul Raional Olteni\u021ba\u201d), plan\u0219a V. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n <\/span> <\/span>Statueta cu vas pe cap este aproape \u00eentreag\u0103
\nsi are o \u00een\u0103l\u021bime de 22,5 cm. Datarea f\u0103cut\u0103 o plaseaz\u0103 <\/span>\u00ee<\/span>n jurul anilor
\n4.400-3.950 <\/span>\u00ee<\/span>Chr. Piesa a
\nsuferit o puternic\u0103 ardere ulterioar\u0103 crea\u021biei, fiind astfel deformat\u0103 si cr\u0103pat\u0103.
\nPiesa are dou\u0103 fe\u021be, capul ( oarecum exagerat \u00een compara\u021bie cu restul corpului)
\nindic\u00e2nd o dualitate a unei reprezent\u0103rii, dualitate remarcat\u0103 \u00een mai multe
\nartefacte ale aceleia\u0219i culturi descoperite \u00een acela\u0219i sit. Cele dou\u0103 fe\u021be au
\nnasuri puternic eviden\u021biate, n\u0103rile clar definite iar gura sugerat\u0103 printr-o
\nlinie orizontal\u0103 cu gropi\u021be. Ochii nu sunt desena\u021bi dar, la o examinare atent\u0103
\nse observ\u0103 dou\u0103 depresiuni \u00een zonele oculare. Urechile sunt str\u0103punse de cinci g\u0103uri
\n(?). G\u00e2tul se continu\u0103 cu o rochie de tip cloche prin care str\u0103pung, \u00een afar\u0103, s\u00e2nii. <\/span>Aceasta rochie este decorat\u0103 cu fascicule
\ndrepte, delimitate de dungi albe, si a fost colorat\u0103 cu ro\u0219u-ocru. De altfel se
\nremarc\u0103 existen\u021ba si utilizarea culorii albe (bra\u021be, rochie, fa\u021b\u0103) put\u00e2nd
\nafirma astfel c\u0103 \u00eentreaga statueta a fost vopsit\u0103 ini\u021bial. Partea de jos a
\nstatuetei nu a suferit aceea\u0219i ardere secundar\u0103 care a deformat partea
\nsuperioar\u0103 \u0219i ne d\u0103 indica\u021bii asupra imaginii ei \u00een ansamblu, \u00eenaintea deterior\u0103rii.
\n<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n <\/span> <\/span>Sculptura este greu de integrat \u00een
\nseria celor ce exprim\u0103 o divinitate (matriarhal\u0103) sau statuetelor mistico-magice.
\nReprezent\u0103rile de acest gen sunt numeroase \u0219i sunt u\u0219or de identificat. Spre
\ndeosebire de acestea, \u201eStatueta cu vas pe cap\u201d pare o oper\u0103 de art\u0103, creat\u0103
\npentru a \u00eenc\u00e2nta v\u0103zul, a aduce pl\u0103cere si a defini o activitate recognoscibil\u0103.
\nStilizarea nu este \u00een zona abstractiz\u0103rii, nu avem nici o \u00eencercare de redare
\nfidel\u0103 a realit\u0103\u021bii, avem o sculptur\u0103 pl\u0103cut\u0103, menit\u0103 a \u00eenc\u00e2nta, a da substan\u021b\u0103
\nexisten\u021bei, vie\u021bii, realit\u0103\u021bii imediate denot\u00e2nd o via\u021b\u0103 lini\u0219tit\u0103 a membrilor comunit\u0103\u021bii.
\nObiect de art\u0103 sus\u021bin\u00e2nd probabil focul, opai\u021b menit a duce lumin\u0103 \u00een camera \u0219i
\n\u00een sufletul privitorului.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n <\/span> <\/span>Obiectele culturii gumelni\u021bene (\u0219i nu
\nnumai ele) ar merita o cercetare interdisciplinar\u0103 c\u0103ci, acolo unde arheologii
\nnu v\u0103d frumuse\u021bea sau utilitatea, arti\u0219ti plastici sau psihologi ar putea
\nidentifica cu mare u\u0219urin\u021b\u0103 importan\u021ba acestor sculpturi vechi de peste 6000 de
\nani. O alt\u0103 cercetare interdisciplinar\u0103 ar putea eviden\u021bia \u0219i face lumin\u0103
\nasupra gradului de \u201edezvoltare\u201d al unor civiliza\u021bii preistorice prin \u00eens\u0103\u0219i existen\u021ba
\n\u201eobiectelor de art\u0103\u201d si a Artei. <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\nBibliografie :
\n1. <\/span>Catalogul sculpturilor
\neneolitice din Muzeul Raional Olteni\u021ba, Silvia Marinescu-Bilcu si Barbu Ionescu<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n2. <\/span>Omul in
\nstatuetele neolitice din RPR, Vladimir Dumitrescu 1961<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n3. <\/span>Semnifica\u021bia
\n\u0219i originea unui tip de figurina feminina descoperita la Rasl 1957, Vladimir Dumitrescu,<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n4. <\/span>Plastica
\nantropomorf\u0103 \u0219i zoomorf\u0103 gumelni\u021bean\u0103, Radian Romus Andreescu<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n5. <\/span>Figurinele antropomorfe din epoca neolitic\u0103<\/span><\/i>, E. Com\u0219a, 1995,Bucure\u015fti.<\/o:p><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n6. <\/span>Extras
\ndintr-un curs \u021binut \u00een anii 30 la Universitatea din Bucure\u0219ti, de c\u0103tre
\nprofesor dr. docent Vladimir Dumitrescu<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Cultura Gumelni\u021ba. In acest eseu \u00eemi voi \u00eendrepta aten\u021bia asupra unei statuete apar\u021bin\u00e2nd culturii Gumelni\u021ba, \u201eStatueta cu vas pe cap\u201d. Piesa a fost descoperit\u0103 \u00een anul 1963 \u00een zona \u0219antierului arheologic M\u0103gura Gumelni\u021ba \u0219i este unica in istoria neo-eneoliticului european. Cultura Gumelni\u021ba este \u00eentr-un con…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[12,20,22,34,45,51,64,76,77],"class_list":["post-1965","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-istorie","tag-arta","tag-cinism","tag-citate","tag-filosofie","tag-istorie","tag-logica","tag-opinii","tag-razboi","tag-religie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mazion.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1965","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mazion.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mazion.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mazion.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mazion.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1965"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mazion.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1965\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50883,"href":"https:\/\/mazion.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1965\/revisions\/50883"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mazion.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1965"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mazion.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1965"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mazion.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1965"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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